History when discovered insulin
At that time, the only treatment for diabetes is carbohydrate diet with extra tight restrictions on consumption of only 450 calories per day so many diabetes patients suffer from hunger, even starvation conditions are a source of new mortality for patients other than as a result of diabetes.
In 1869, a German medical student named Paul Langerhans, found that in pancreatic tissue there are some cells that produce the fluid, but the status of these cells is still unknown.
Some of these cells is ultimately proven beta cells that act as insulin producer. For its success, Dr. Paul Langerhans was crowned as the first inventor of insulin-producing cells, then the cells are named cells of the islets of Langerhans.
In 1869, a German medical student named Paul Langerhans, found that in pancreatic tissue there are some cells that produce the fluid, but the status of these cells is still unknown.
Some of these cells is ultimately proven beta cells that act as insulin producer. For its success, Dr. Paul Langerhans was crowned as the first inventor of insulin-producing cells, then the cells are named cells of the islets of Langerhans.
Giving the name of insulin
In 1889, two researchers from the citizens of Germany, Oskar Minkowski and Joseph von Mering, found that when the pancreas has been removed from a dog, the animal will develop the symptoms of diabetes and died shortly afterwards.
This led to new insights that appear pancreas is the only site where vital fluid that acts as a cause of diabetes is produced.
Of an intensive search they concluded that the pancreas has two important roles are: manufacturer of fluid for digestion, and fluid to stabilize sugar darahKemudian, the study continued to examine the beta cells of the islets of Langerhans (the name of a group of specialized cells in the pancreas that was discovered by Paul Langerhans) at patients with diabetes.
In 1910, Sir Edward Albert Sharpey found that no one from the chemical liquid that was missing from the pancreas in diabetics. Then, he gave the name of the chemical by the name of insulin, taken from the Latin "insula" which means island.
Dr. Banting reveal the secrets of insulin
In October, 1920 in Toronto, Canada, Dr. Frederick Banting, an orthopedic surgeon to make sure the idea that a chemical liquid which acts as a regulator of blood sugar that is produced by cells of the islets of Langerhans in the pancreas.
In the experiments performed, he ligating the pancreatic duct to stop the flow of nutrients to the pancreas, causing the pancreas to shrink. Thus, it will make it easier to extract the pancreas, although not able to neutralize the toxic substance if used to extract the human pancreas.
At the beginning of 1921 in the summer, Dr. Banting promote the findings to Professor John Macleod at the University of Toronto.
However, according to Prof. Macleod that the findings of Dr. Banting very dubious. Finally, to ensure that this research will be successful and Prof. Macleod was approved.
Then, Dr. Banting was given full laboratory facilities and 70 dogs, dogs with diabetes and without diabetes to trial.
Not only that, Dr. Banting was also given an assistant named Charles Herbert Best, a medical student. Trials are successful, Dr. Banting and Best could extract insulin from the pancreas, and can cope with a dying diabetic dogs fed extracts of pancreas (insulin). However, extracts of insulin still can not be purified of toxic substances when used by humans.
At the end of 1921, a biochemist named Bertram Collip, joined the team. Collip given the task of purifying the insulin so that it can be used for humans.
He started doing some research to try to find the right dose and do some research to reduce the effects of an overdose of insulin. Then, when and to whom this insulin test results in tests to humans?
Not only that, Dr. Banting was also given an assistant named Charles Herbert Best, a medical student. Trials are successful, Dr. Banting and Best could extract insulin from the pancreas, and can cope with a dying diabetic dogs fed extracts of pancreas (insulin). However, extracts of insulin still can not be purified of toxic substances when used by humans.
At the end of 1921, a biochemist named Bertram Collip, joined the team. Collip given the task of purifying the insulin so that it can be used for humans.
He started doing some research to try to find the right dose and do some research to reduce the effects of an overdose of insulin. Then, when and to whom this insulin test results in tests to humans?
Insulin trial first
Human insulin was first given was Leonard Thompson, a young man aged 14 years who was dying of diabetes in the hospital Toronto. A miracle, in less than 24 hours, glucose levels dangerous to be down, and selamatlah Thompsom from the brink of death.
Dr. Banting received the Nobel Medicine
In 1923, Dr. Banting and Macleod received the Nobel Prize in Medicine, they share with the Best and Collip, although previously occurred little debate.
Banting claims that are more entitled to the award trophy is Charles Best, is not Collip. However, Collip has succeeded in purifying insulin from toxins and determine the proper dosage of insulin so that the animals can be used for humans.
Insulin is known world
News of the discovery of insulin spread throughout the world like a tsunami that heard by Dr. Robin Lawrence. At that time, he was in a weakened state as a result of diabetes.
Then, he went to the hospital King's College and received 20 units of insulin injection at 10:00 am. At 16:00, he experienced hypoglycemia for the first time.
Dr. Robin was saved from death due to diabetes. Later, he along with HG Wells went to England to establish the Diabetes Association, until now called Diabetes UK
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