The history of the rise Oliver Cromwell
The conquest of Ireland by Cromwell (1649 - 1653) is an Irish takeover by the power of the British Parliament, led by Oliver Cromwell, when the War of the Three Kingdoms occurred. The consequences of this conquest (with the aim to overthrow Catholic officials) is 200,000 civilian deaths from starvation and disease, as well as 50 thousand people of Ireland were captured as slaves. Cromwell regard Catholics as the devil so that the conquest of Ireland is a modern crusade for him. The bitterness caused by the occupation Cromwell is one source of the power of Irish nationalism since the 17th century to the present. Cromwell died in 1658, and are hated so that in 1661, his body was removed from the grave and executed - his body was hung using chains at Tyburn, and the members of his body cut into pieces and thrown into a pit, while his head was shown on a stick outside Westminster Hall for 44 years.
Oliver Cromwell was the military leader and statesman Britain; the head of state title "Lord Protector" in England, Scotland and Ireland from December 3, 1653 until his death.
Oliver Cromwell brilliant military leader and alluring who heads the parliamentary strength and achieve victory in the English civil war, he was the person most responsible for the formation of parliamentary democracy as a form of British rule.
Cromwell was born in Huntingdon, northwest Cambridge, April 25, 1599, the United Kingdom. As a young man he lived in England torn apart by religious conflict and headed by a king who believe and want to practice the absolute monarchy. Cromwell himself a farmer and the rural character and a devout Puritan. In 1628 he was elected a member of parliament. However, this position is very briefly held for the following year King Charles I decided to dissolve parliament and rule the country alone. Not until 1640 when he needed money to wage war against the Scots, the king summoned again the new parliament. Cromwell is also a member in the new parliament, asking for assurance and protection against no return of the king's power at will. However, Charles I mind being under the authority of parliament. What power? The only way is war that broke out in 1646, the battle between the forces of the king and the pro-roaders parliament. Cromwell sided with the pro parliament.
The occupation of Ireland and Scotland by Cromwell's troops.
When he returned to his hometown Huntingdon, Cromwell build cavalry to storm the king. During the war that lasted four years, the general military capability under the spotlight. Cromwell plays a role as a determinant, either in battle Marston Moor (July 2, 1644) is very critical that a turning point in the war, and in a decisive battle at Naseby (June 14, 1645). In 1646 the war ended and Charles I was imprisoned. Cromwell is recognized as the most successful generals of the pro parliament.
Oliver Cromwell was the military leader and statesman Britain; the head of state title "Lord Protector" in England, Scotland and Ireland from December 3, 1653 until his death.
Oliver Cromwell brilliant military leader and alluring who heads the parliamentary strength and achieve victory in the English civil war, he was the person most responsible for the formation of parliamentary democracy as a form of British rule.
Cromwell was born in Huntingdon, northwest Cambridge, April 25, 1599, the United Kingdom. As a young man he lived in England torn apart by religious conflict and headed by a king who believe and want to practice the absolute monarchy. Cromwell himself a farmer and the rural character and a devout Puritan. In 1628 he was elected a member of parliament. However, this position is very briefly held for the following year King Charles I decided to dissolve parliament and rule the country alone. Not until 1640 when he needed money to wage war against the Scots, the king summoned again the new parliament. Cromwell is also a member in the new parliament, asking for assurance and protection against no return of the king's power at will. However, Charles I mind being under the authority of parliament. What power? The only way is war that broke out in 1646, the battle between the forces of the king and the pro-roaders parliament. Cromwell sided with the pro parliament.
The occupation of Ireland and Scotland by Cromwell's troops.
When he returned to his hometown Huntingdon, Cromwell build cavalry to storm the king. During the war that lasted four years, the general military capability under the spotlight. Cromwell plays a role as a determinant, either in battle Marston Moor (July 2, 1644) is very critical that a turning point in the war, and in a decisive battle at Naseby (June 14, 1645). In 1646 the war ended and Charles I was imprisoned. Cromwell is recognized as the most successful generals of the pro parliament.
However, peace did not come because of the pro parliament fragmented into factions that are fundamentally different from each other purposes. King knows this division, because it is he shy away from a peaceful settlement. Within a year, a second civil war broke out again with Charles I's escape from prison and try mustering an army to support him. The results of this new conflict is defeat the troops of King Charles I by the onslaught of Cromwell, erode those moderate stance in parliament and executed King Charles I in January 1649.
As a result, Britain has now become a republic (Conmmonwealth), ruled for a while by the State Council, chaired by Cromwell. However, the pro empire may soon dominate Ireland and Scotland as well as providing support to the son of the late King Charles II in the future.
The result is a successful occupation over Ireland and Scotland by Cromwell's troops. A long series of battles that ended in 1625 with the defeat of the king's absolute supporters.
after the war
The war is over, now is the time to establish a new government. However, there was still some issues regarding the constitutional form of government that should be incarnated. This issue was never resolved during Cromwell was still alive. Puritan generals have been able to lead the battle that brought victory for those opposed to absolute monarchy. However, both the power and prestige was not enough to resolve the social conflict between supporters and was able to persuade them to agree on a new constitution, because this conflict is intertwined with religious conflicts break Protestants and other groups, also with Roman Catholics.
When Cromwell is above power, the rest of the parliament in 1640 few in number, not representative, extreme minority, called "Rump." The first step to be taken is to conduct assessments Cromwell for a new general election. When the attempt failed assessment mess, he dissolved the "Rump" with violence (this happened in April 1653). Since then until the death of Cromwell in 1658, there are three different parliaments are formed and dissolved. Two kinds of constitution was agreed, but none of them work properly. Throughout this period, Cromwell ruled with the support of the Armed Forces. As a result, he became a military dictator. However, the experiments were repeated to implement democratic practices and also rejection of the proposed bid for her throne, clearly indicates that dictatorship is not something that is sought and wished. It imposed on him by the inability of its proponents in terms of establishing a properly functioning government.
As a result, Britain has now become a republic (Conmmonwealth), ruled for a while by the State Council, chaired by Cromwell. However, the pro empire may soon dominate Ireland and Scotland as well as providing support to the son of the late King Charles II in the future.
The result is a successful occupation over Ireland and Scotland by Cromwell's troops. A long series of battles that ended in 1625 with the defeat of the king's absolute supporters.
after the war
The war is over, now is the time to establish a new government. However, there was still some issues regarding the constitutional form of government that should be incarnated. This issue was never resolved during Cromwell was still alive. Puritan generals have been able to lead the battle that brought victory for those opposed to absolute monarchy. However, both the power and prestige was not enough to resolve the social conflict between supporters and was able to persuade them to agree on a new constitution, because this conflict is intertwined with religious conflicts break Protestants and other groups, also with Roman Catholics.
When Cromwell is above power, the rest of the parliament in 1640 few in number, not representative, extreme minority, called "Rump." The first step to be taken is to conduct assessments Cromwell for a new general election. When the attempt failed assessment mess, he dissolved the "Rump" with violence (this happened in April 1653). Since then until the death of Cromwell in 1658, there are three different parliaments are formed and dissolved. Two kinds of constitution was agreed, but none of them work properly. Throughout this period, Cromwell ruled with the support of the Armed Forces. As a result, he became a military dictator. However, the experiments were repeated to implement democratic practices and also rejection of the proposed bid for her throne, clearly indicates that dictatorship is not something that is sought and wished. It imposed on him by the inability of its proponents in terms of establishing a properly functioning government.
The role of Lord Protector
From 1653 until 1658, Cromwell, with the title of Lord Protector so the ruler of England, Scotland and Ireland. For five years, Cromwell made Britain has in general good governance and administrative function properly. He fixes various unfavorable legal and supports advancing the education sector. Cromwell has a tolerance of religions, he allowed the Jews to return to settle in the UK and the practice of worship according to his belief. (They were expelled from England three centuries by King Edward I). Cromwell also runs a successful foreign policy. He died in London in 1658 as a result of malaria attacks.
successor
Cromwell elder son, Richard Cromwell, replacing the father but only briefly ruled. In 1660 Charles II was raised back to the throne. Remnants of Cromwell's followers slashed and sentenced to be hanged. However, any kind of crushing business is done, revenge is however not possible to cover up the fact that the struggle desperately for the sake of the existence of an absolute monarchy had perished. Charles II was aware of this, because he did not try to fight the superiority of parliament. When his successor, James II, tried to restore the system of absolute monarchy, he was soon deposed through a bloodless revolution in 1688. The results appear is exactly what is desired by Cromwell in 1640, which is a constitutional monarchy where the king clearly be under the parliament and respect the institution, as well as countries adopt a political tolerance toward all religions.
Death and execution
Cromwell is thought to have suffered from malaria and from "stone", a common term for urinary / kidney infections. In 1658 he was exposed to malarial fever, followed by symptoms of bladder or kidney. health decline may also be caused by the death of her daughter, Elizabeth Claypole in August. Cromwell died at age 59 in Whitehall, Friday, September 3rd 1658. He was buried with great ceremony in Westminster Abbey, his daughter Elizabeth was also buried there.
On January 30, 1661, (the 12th anniversary of the execution of Charles I), Cromwell's body exhumed from Westminster Abbey, and was subjected to the ritual of a posthumous execution, such as the remains of Robert Blake, John Bradshaw and Henry Ireton. (The body of the daughter of Cromwell allowed to remain buried in the monastery).
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